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Grass anthelids

Agronomist, James O’Brien (Landmark), has reported high numbers of grass anthelid caterpillars in a pasture paddock north of Camperdown, in the Western district of Victoria. The caterpillars vary in size, and James says there is no visible feeding damage at present. Grass anthelids are quite common in early–mid spring in western Victoria, but they are not always considered a pest. Grass anthelids are also found in other parts of Victoria and New South Wales.

Grass anthelid caterpillars (Pterolocera spp.) feed on grasses and their numbers usually build up in pastures or roadside vegetation. In winter and early spring, they can move into paddocks and cause damage to pastures and crops. Species within the Pterolocera genus are not well understood, although the large larvae are generally the most damaging. Grass anthelids are a relatively minor pest of pastures, and occasionally cause damage to cereals. The moths have one generation per year. Late winter and early spring are the highest risk periods in Victoria and New South Wales.

Although there are many anthelid species, which differ in appearance, most grass anthelid caterpillars are brown or fawn in colour with black and yellow markings. They can grow to 50 mm in length and spin a dark brown cocoon in a vertical shaft in the soil, with the exit just below the soil surface. Male adult moths are buff with brown markings and have very large antennae. Adult female moths are flightless.

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